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D-CALCIUM PANTOTHENATE
E hoʻolauna pōkole ʻO ka calcium pantothenate kahi ʻano huaora B a ʻo ia kekahi o nā meaʻai koʻikoʻi no ka ulu maʻamau o nā meaola. Aia ka calcium pantothenate i ʻekolu mau ʻano no ka mea he mau ʻātoma kalapona chiral kona: D L-kino (hybrate), D-kino (kino ʻākau) a me L-kino (kino hema). ʻO ka D-calcium pantothenate wale nō ka hana olaola, me kahi kristal keʻokeʻo a melemele iki paha ke ʻano, a me kahi kiko heheʻe o 195 ~ 196 ℃ (decomposition), Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, methanol, glycer... -
ʻINOSITOL
E hoʻolauna pōkole i ka Inositol, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo cyclohexanol, hexahydroxycyclohexane, cyclohexylitol, kō ʻiʻo ʻiʻo, a me ka inositol non-spin, no kekahi o nā huaora B. Ma muli o ke kuhikuhi ʻokoʻa o ka mokulele apo pili o ka hui hydroxyl, aia he 9 mau isomers, ʻo 7 he non-spins a ʻo 2 he spins (levorot a me dextros). Aia ia i loko o nā ʻiʻo olaola āpau ma ke ʻano manuahi a i hui pū ʻia paha ma ke ʻano. He ʻāpana maʻamau ia i loko o nā cell holoholona a me nā mea kanu. Hiki ke ... -
BIOTIN
E hoʻolauna pōkole ʻO Biotin ʻewalu mau ʻano o nā huaora wai-hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka huaora B7. He coenzyme a i ʻole coenzyme i hoʻohana ʻia i nā hopena metabolic he nui i loko o ke kino. Ke komo nei ʻo Biotin i ka metabolism lipid a me ka protein, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai i glucose, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e ke kino kanaka ma ke ʻano he ikehu. He mea nui nō hoʻi no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili, ka lauoho a me nā membrane mucous. Nā waiwai kemika ʻAʻohe kala i ka pauka crystalline keʻokeʻo a i ʻole ka pauka crystalline. Heheʻe 230-232 ℃. Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ... -
Wikamina A
E hoʻolauna pōkole i ka Vitamin A e komo pū ana me nā huaora A1 a me A2. ʻO nā huaora A1 a me A2 he like ke ʻano) Hiki ke hana ʻia ka Retinol mai ka beta-carotene i loaʻa mai nā mea kanu. Ma lalo o ke catalysis o β-carotene-15, 15′-peroxide (bioxygenase) i loko o ke kino, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka β-carotene i ʻelua mau mole o retinaldehyde (ratinal), a me retinaldehyde i reductase Ua hoʻemi ʻia i retinol ma lalo o ka hana a. No laila, ua ʻike ʻia hoʻi ka beta-carotene ʻo ia ka huaora A. Nā waiwai kemika ʻO ka Vitamin A kahi ... -
Wikamina B1
Hoʻolauna ʻO ka Vitamin B1, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo "thiamine" a me "thiamine", ʻo ia kekahi o nā huaora B. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻoulu i ka metabolism glucose maʻamau a he mea pono ia e mālama i ka hana maʻamau o ke alakaʻi ʻana o nā aʻalolo, ka puʻuwai a me ke ala gastrointestinal. Hoʻohui ia me ka adenosine triphosphate e hana i ka vitamin B1 pyrophosphate (thiamine diphosphate, ʻo ia hoʻi, coenzyme), he coenzyme pono ia no nā carbohydrates e pani i ka Chemicalbook. Nā waiwai kemika Vitamin... -
Wikamina B2
Hoʻolauna ʻIke ʻia ka Vitamin B2 ʻo riboflavin He huaora wai ia e hiki ʻole i ke kino kanaka ke hana iā ia iho a pono e hoʻolako ʻia e ka meaʻai. He mea nui ia no ka mālama ʻana i ka hana physiological maʻamau a me ka metabolism o ke kino kanaka. Komo ka Vitamin B2 i ka ulu maʻamau o nā cell, paipai i ka ho'ōla ʻana o nā ʻeha, hoʻoikaika i nā kui a me ka lauoho, a he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi hoʻi o nā coenzymes. Komo ia i ka synthesis a me ka metabolism o ke kalapona Chemicalbook w... -
Wikamina B6
Hoʻolauna Hoʻololi koke ʻia ka Vitamin B6 i pyridoxaldehyde phosphate i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka. He kuleana koʻikoʻi kēia hui i ka metabolism amino acid a he coenzyme ia o decarboxylase, transaminase, canine urease, deaminase a me desulphurisation hydrase. He coenzyme nō hoʻi ia e pono ai no ka metabolism carbohydrate a me ka momona, ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena a me ka hana ʻana i nā hua ʻulaʻula. Nā waiwai kemika He paʻa loa nā waiwai kemika a ʻoi aku ka paʻa... -
SIANOKOBALAMINA (WIKAMINA B12)
ʻAno a me nā Waiwai He kristal ʻulaʻula a pauka crystalline paha kēia huahana, ʻaʻohe ʻala, ʻaʻohe ʻono a he mau waiwai hoʻoulu wai ikaika. Hoʻoheheʻe iki ʻia i ka wai a i ʻole ethanol, ʻaʻole hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka chloroform a i ʻole ether. Kūpaʻa i ka wela, akā hiki ke lilo i mea pono ʻole ke hōʻike ʻia i nā mea oxidizing a i ʻole ka hoʻemi ʻana, nā paʻakai metala kaumaha a me nā waikawa ikaika a me nā alkalis ikaika. ʻAno Kemika ʻO ka Vitamin B12 kahi hui equioctaphedral e loaʻa ana nā ion cobalt. ʻO kona ʻano kikowaena he corrin pālahalaha ... -
ʻAkika Ascorbic
Hoʻolauna ʻO ka Vitamin C, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka L-ascorbic acid, he meaʻai koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe no nā holoholona lōʻihi a me kekahi mau meaola ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hana ʻia ka waikawa Ascorbic e ka metabolism i ka hapa nui o nā meaola, akā ʻo nā kānaka nā mea ʻokoʻa maopopo loa. ʻO ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia, ʻo ka nele o ka huaora C ma Chemicalbook hiki ke hana i ka scurvy. ʻO ka hui pharmacokidic o ka huaora C he ascorbic acid ion. I loko o ke kino, he antioxidant ka huaora C no ka mea hiki iā ia ke pale i ke kino mai ka hoʻoweliweli o ka oxidizing a... -
Wikamina D3
Hoʻolauna ʻO ka Vitamin D3, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he cholesterol, he ʻano vitamin D, kahi i hōʻoia ʻia ʻo ia ke ʻano hana maoli o ka vitamin D i loko o ke kino. I kēia manawa, aia ma ka liʻiliʻi he 10 mau ʻano vitamin D i ʻike ʻia, akā ʻo ka mea nui loa ʻo ia ka vitamin D2 a me ka vitamin D3. ʻO Cholecalciferol, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he vitamin D3, ke ʻano koʻikoʻi loa o ka vitamin D, ka mea nui e hoʻoponopono i ka metabolism o ka calcium a me ka phosphorus i loko o ke kino. Hoʻololi ʻia ka Vitamin D3 mai ka 7-dehydrogenated cholest... -
Wikamina E
Hoʻolauna ʻO ka Vitamin E, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo tocopherol, he mea antioxidant a me ka meaʻai me ka hana maikaʻi loa. I ka manawa like, loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano o ka hana olaola kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻai palekana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, nā huahana mālama ola, ka meaʻai, nā mea hoʻonani a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. Nā waiwai physicochemical ʻO ka Vitamin E he wai viscous i hoʻomālamalama ʻia he melemele iki i ka melemele a i ʻole ka melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kokoke ʻaʻohe ʻala, a ʻeleʻele mālie ke kala i ka wā e hōʻike ʻia ai i ka mālamalama. ʻO ke kūlohelohe... -
ʻO NIKOTINAMIDA
Hoʻolauna ʻO Niacinamide, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo nicotinamide, vitamin B3 a i ʻole vitamin PP, he vitamina wai-hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a no nā vitamina B. ʻO ka ʻāpana niacinamide i loko o kēia mau ʻano coenzyme ʻelua i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka he mau waiwai o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hydrogen Chemicalbook a me ka dehydrogenation, kahi e pāʻani ai i kahi kuleana i ka oxidation biological. Hiki i ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka hydrogen ke hoʻolaha i ka hanu ʻana o nā ʻiʻo, ke kaʻina hana oxidation biological a me ka metabolism, he mea nui ia no ka mālama ʻana i ka pono o ka maʻamau ...
